Everything about Arnaud Amalric totally explained
Arnaud Amalric, or
Arnau Amalric, (d.
1225) was a
Cistercian monk. He was abbot of
Poblet from
1196 to
1198, then of
Grandselve from
1198 to
1202. He later became the seventeenth
abbot of
Cîteaux.
In
1204 he was named a
papal legate and
inquisitor and was sent by
Innocent III with
Peter of Castelnau and
Arnoul to attempt the conversion of the
Albigensians. Failing in this, he distinguished himself by the zeal with which he incited men by his preaching to the
crusade against these heretics.
According to the Cistercian writer
Caesar of Heisterbach, one of the leaders of the Crusader army, at the siege of
Béziers in
1209, when asked by a Crusader how to distinguish the Cathars from the Catholics, Arnaul Amalric answered: "
Caedite eos! Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius" – "Kill them [all]! Surely the Lord discerns which [ones] are his". On the other hand, the legate's own statement, in a letter to the Pope in August 1209 (col.139), states:
While discussions were still going on with the barons about the release of those in the city who were deemed to be Catholics, the servants and other persons of low rank and unarmed attacked the city without waiting for orders from their leaders. To our amazement, crying "to arms, to arms!", within the space of two or three hours they crossed the ditches and the walls and Béziers was taken. Our men spared no one, irrespective of rank, sex or age, and put to the sword almost 20,000 people. After this great slaughter the whole city was despoiled and burnt...
According to
Moréri, Arnaud was named
archbishop of Narbonne about
1212, after his return from an expedition into Spain to encourage the Christians against the
Moors. He left an account of this expedition. His stirring spirit embroiled him with his sovereign,
Simon de Montfort. In
1224, he presided in the council of
Montpellier, assembled to consider the complaints of the Albigensians.
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